TORTURE:

The Stuff of Nightmares

 

TORTURE

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ALL IMAGES PUBLIC DOMAIN UNLESS OTHERWISE LISTED. Links to images used:

Torture Chamber of the Inquisition from Moore’s Martyrology 1809 

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Torture_Chamber_of_the_Inquisition_from_Moore%27s_Martyrology.png

 

Tower of London Plan 1563  CC0 1.0 UPDD RUPPLES, ADAPTED FROM HOTTEN 1871. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tower_of_London_plan_1563.jpg

 

Theresiana-Leiter. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Theresiana-Leiter.jpg

 

Henry VIII by Hans Eworth. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hans_Eworth_Henry_VIII_after_Holbein.jpg

 

Tower of London.  Steve Collis, Melbourne Australia. CCA 2.0 G. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tower_of_London_(8145448881).jpg

 

Rack – Torture (PSF)  PUBLIC DOMAIN BY PEARSON SCOTT FORESMAN. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rack_-_Torture_(PSF).png

 

Pazin Burgmuseum – Streckbank  CCA SA 4.O I. W SAUBER. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pazin_Burgmuseum_-_Streckbank.jpg

 

Torture Rack In Poland  CCA SA 4.0 I Silar. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:020210606_120437_Torture_rack_in_Poland.jpg

 

A Man Dressed In Loincloth Tortured CCA SA 4.0 I WELLCOME. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_man_dressed_in_a_loincloth_is_tortured_on_the_rack_with_a_Wellcome_V0041737.jpg

 

Anne Askew Tortured https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anne_Askew_tortured.jpg

 

Anne Askew Martyrdom. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anne_Askew_martydorm.jpg

 

Anne Askew Portrait Hans Eworth 1560. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hans_Eworth_Portrait_of_a_Lady_call_Anne_Ayscough.jpg

 

Rothenburg Germany Torture Museum  CCA SA 2.0 G  Nan Palmero. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rothenburg_Germany_Torture_Museum_(4138966613).jpg

 

Procesy Czarownic Nysa. CCA SA 4.0 I Kriestovo Nysian  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Procesy_czarownic_Nysa2.jpg

 

Poire-angoisse. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Poire-angoisse.jpg

 

Die Gartenlaube (1864). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Die_Gartenlaube_(1864)_b_604_4.jpg

 

Muzeum Ziemi Lubuskiej-Muzeum Tortur – Gruszka. CCA SA 2.0 G LESTAT (Jan Merlich).

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Muzeum_Ziemi_Lubuskiej_-_Muzeum_Tortur_-_Gruszka.JPG

 

Maulbirne Choke pear  CCA 3.0 U. AtelierMonpli. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maulbirne_Choke_pear-IMG_4937-4.jpg

 

The Brank. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_brank.png

 

Scoldengravingalpha. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Scoldengravingalpha.jpg

 

The Branks Curious Punishments from Bygone Days. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Branks_from_Curious_Punishments_of_Bygone_Days_(1896).jpg

 

Brank and Drunkard’s Cloak. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Brank_and_Drunkard%27s_cloak_at_newcastle-on-tyne.png

 

Scold’s Bridle, Germany 1550-1800 WELLCOME CCA 4.0 I. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Scold%27s_bridle,_Germany,_1550-1800_Wellcome_L0057597.jpg

 

Scold’s Bridle. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Scold%27s_Bridle_AKG34260.jpg

 

Bishop Hatto and the Rats MET. CC0 1.0 UPDD. MET PROJECT. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bishop_Hatto_and_the_Rats_MET_DP821701.jpg

 

Black Rat Etching WELLCOME. CCA 4.0 I. WELLCOME. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_black_rat_sitting_upright_on_the_ground._Etching_by_W._S._Wellcome_(cropped).png

 

Rat Domestique. CCA SA 4.0 I. Ciaro  Pictures https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rat_domestique_03.jpg

 

Young Beckie Arthur Rackham. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Young_Beckie_by_Arthur_Rackham.jpg

 

The Rat Torture, Torture Museum (Foltermuseum De Oude Steen) Bruges by Dimitris Kamaras CCA 2.0 G

https://www.flickr.com/photos/127226743@N02/34540512406/in/photostream 

 

The Rat Torture, Torture Museum (Foltermuseum De Oude Steen) Bruges by Dimitris Kamaras CCA 2.0 G

https://www.flickr.com/photos/127226743@N02/34419817442 

 

Tower of London MET. CC0 1.0 UPDD MET PROJECT.  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tower_of_London_MET_DP823173.jpg

 

Impaled Victims Assyria. CCA SA 4.0 I Mary Harrsch. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Assyrian_relief_of_attack_on_an_enemy_town_during_the_reign_of_Tiglath-Pileser_III_720-741_BCE_from_his_palace_at_Kalhu_(Nimrud).jpg

 

Empalement  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Empalement.jpg

 

Temple of Artemis Columns  CCA 4.0 I Mark Landon. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sardis_Temple_of_Artemis_columns_at_east_end_from_SW_(1991).jpg

 

A Bed of Nails  CCA 4.0 I  Akhlispurnomo. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_bed_of_nails.jpg

 

Vlad Tepes  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vlad_Tepes_-_Blatt_2.jpg

 

Impalement Mural at Avudaiyar Koil. CCA 4.0 I  PJeganathan. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Impalement_Mural_at_Avudaiyar_Koil_ஆவுடையார்_கோயில்_கழுவேற்றும்_ஓவியம்.jpg

 

Impaled. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Impaled.gif

 

Ottoman Camel Caravan. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ottoman_Camel_Caravan.jpg

 

Brawl Outside Ale House. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alexander_Carse_-_A_Brawl_outside_an_Ale_House_-_NG_1828_-_National_Galleries_of_Scotland.jpg

 

Village Gossips. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rolinda_Sharples_-_village_gossips-BST_BMAGG_K1076-001.jpg

 

Secret Archives Inquisition. CCA SA 4.0 INTERNATIONAL. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Detalle_Archivo_Secreto_2.jpg

 

Code of Hammurabi. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Code_of_Hammurabi_104.jpg

 

Darius the Great. CCA SA 3.0 UNPORTED ARYOBARZAN AT ENGLISH WIKIPEDIA. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Darius_I_the_Great%27s_inscription_crop.jpg

 

 

 

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING SUGGESTIONS 

 

Kale, Maggie. “10 of the Worst Torture and Execution Methods You Never Heard Of”. 8 Dec 2021. MEDIUM.COM. Accessed 16 Aug 2023. https://maggiekale.medium.com/10-of-the-worst-torture-and-execution-methods-you-never-heard-of-92116c9b4874

 

Debczak, Michele  “11 Brutal Devices From History”. 11 March 2022 Updated 17 March 2022. Mentalfloss.com. Accessed 16 Aug 2023. https://www.mentalfloss.com/posts/11-brutal-torture-devices-from-history-01fxjx0txndq

 

Cano, Ruddy. “6 of the worst torture methods in history” Updated 22 Nov 2022  WeAreTheMighty.com Accessed 16 Aug 2023. https://www.wearethemighty.com/popular/worst-torture-methods-in-history/

 

“25 Most Brutal Torture Techniques In History”. HISTORY DAILY. Accessed 16 Aug 2023.

https://historydaily.org/25-most-brutal-torture-techniques

 

“20 of the Slowest Historical Torture Methods We Cant Believe Living Souls Had To Endure” 

https://historycollection.com/20-of-the-slowest-historical-torture-methods-we-cant-believe-living-souls-had-to-endure/13/

 

“Impalement”  Updated 5 Sept 2022  Alchetron. Accessed 24 Aug 2023. https://alchetron.com/Impalement

 

Preskar, Peter  “Rat Torture”  17 Aug 2020. Short History.com. Accessed 24 Aug 2023. https://short-history.com/rat-torture-bc17cf72400b

 

Redd, Wyatt  “The Gruesome History Of Rat Torture, From Medieval London To 20th-Century South America” 23 April 2023 Updated 7 June 2023  All That’s Interesting  Accessed 24 Aug 2023. https://allthatsinteresting.com/rat-torture-method

 

Little, Becky. “7 Famous Torture Devices, Real and Mythical”  16 June 2023 HISTORY.com. Accessed 24 Aug 2023. https://www.history.com/news/7-famous-torture-devices-medieval-iron

 

Seaver, Carl. “The Bizarre History of the Pear of Anguish” Updated 17 Dec 2022. History Defined. Accessed 24 Aug 2023. https://www.historydefined.net/pear-of-anguish/#:~:text=The%20Pear%20of%20Anguish%20–%20A,the%20hinge%20at%20its%20top.

 

“The Horrific History of the Pear of Anguish Torture Device”  22 Dec 2022. Castrum to Castle. Accessed 24 Aug 2023. https://castrumtocastle.com/medieval-torture/pear-of-anguish-torture-device/

 

Bishop, Chris “The ‘Pear of Anguish’: Truth, Torture and Dark Medievalism”. 2014 International Journal of Cultural Studies via Academia.edu. Accessed 24 Aug 2023. https://www.academia.edu/5826375/The_Pear_of_Anguish_Truth_Torture_and_Dark_Medievalism

 

Lallanilla, Marc “Vlad the Impaler: The Real Dracula was absolutely vicious”. 31 Oct 2013. Accessed 24 Aug 2023. https://www.nbcnews.com/sciencemain/vlad-impaler-real-dracula-was-absolutely-vicious-8c11505315

 

“Scold’s Bridle”  British Library. Accessed 24 Aug 2023. https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/scolds-bridle#:~:text=It%20is%20difficult%20to%20date,part%20of%20quiet%2C%20submissive%20wives.

 

Duncan, Vikki. “Hold Ter Tongue”. 8 March 2021  National Trust for Scotland. Accessed 24 Aug 2023. https://www.nts.org.uk/stories/hold-yer-tongue

 

   

  

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